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Lately, however, there are doubts if the global tectonics theory really can explain all geophysical phenomena  [33].
The African continent should be clamped between the two subduction zones of the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans which, however, is disproved by observations [33], p. 19:
“Instead of  groaning under the terrestrial vise, just the opposite happens: Africa spreads and begins to split along the east African trenches. In the east, big continent slivers separate along several rupture zones.”
The global tectonics theory also has no sufficient explanation for the fact that Earth quakes do not appear at the plate borders only, but in the middle of continent massifs as well. It seems likely that the present face of the Earth has been shaped by both processes
- by the plate tectonics caused by the so- called convection currents - and by the Earth expansion, the motor of which is the gravitation that decreases with time. Only in this way, all geological phenomena we  observe can be explained close to sufficiently.
Surprisingly, it was discovered long before Dirac and Jordan that  the Earth expansion is the cause for today’s wide space distribution of continents on our planet. In 1933 already, O. C. Hilgenberg has, in his script ” Ueber den wachsenden Erdball” [34]  translated= “About the growing Earth globe” impressively lined out how well the mainland shelves can be combined into a gap- free puzzle on a globe having approximately half the diameter of today’s Earth. The reasons given by him are no longer viable today, but his imagination of the expanding Earth has lost nothing of its fascination.
Probably, the theory of the Earth expansion is looking forward to a revival by the CTH!.

5. World models in comparison

In fact, the big bang theory had only one competitor that had to be taken seriously: The “Steady State Theory” [13], p. 329 ff, developed by Th. Gold, H. Bondi and F. Hoyle.
It is based on the “perfect cosmological principle” which features not only a space but a time isotropy as well, similar to a flowing river that always offers the same view. In the  steady-state-universe, the creation happens at all times, to laws existing eternally.
It has no beginning in time as in the big bang theory, but matter is continuously created in each part of the space and, to an observer, its velocity of expansion always appears identical [17], p. 331.
Even today, the steady state universe still radiates an admirable harmony and perfection [17], p. 333:
“The advocates of the Steady State Theory have left us an important legacy that leads to some of the deepest problems which modern cosmologists ponder;  these problems are extremely important again for that what we expect from the laws of nature concerning the universe.”When the background radiation was discovered in 1965, it was believed that the steady state theory, at least from the view at that time, had to be abandoned. In 1967,  D. Sciama wrote [13], p. 501:
“I must add that for me, the loss of the steady state theory was cause of great grief. The Steady-State-Theory had an impetus and beauty which the architect of the universe seems to have overlooked, for reasons unexplainable.
The universe indeed is a patchwork, but I believe we must make the best of it.”
 
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