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Fortunately, there also are
scientists
who wonder about this, e. g. J. D Barrow and some others [27], p. 196:
„The fact now that the expansion,
even after ten billions of years, undeniably stands at the borderline
between
a finite and an infinite future, poses some riddles to us. Finally, it
implies, among others, absolutely, phantastically improbable premises
for
the starting conditions of the “big bang”….To maintain such a degree of
accuracy, an extraordinary force must be at work.” According to
the
CTH, this force does exist in reality. The continuous creation of
matter
(M ~ t 2/3 ) effects that smallest deviations from a plane
universe
do not increase as in the inflation- supported big bang theory (M =
const.),
but just the opposite happens: Any deviation from planarity is evened
out
again at progressing time by a principle inherent in the evolution of
the
universe. ( M ~ R, 
~ 
= c)
4.5.4 The
problem of the world age
Since everything that happens –
including the star formation processes- happens in the cosmic time,
especially
very old stars must in their youth have developed much faster (related
to the now time) than it would be in agreement with the star formation
theories.
Therefore, their age, when related
to the now time, would be considerably lower than observations
indicate,
and the incompatibility with the world age would disappear.
4.6 Energy
density
of the vacuum and cosmological constant
To be able to formulate the Theory
of Relativity free from contradictions, Einstein once had eliminated
the
space ether.
His radical demand was, light waves
need no medium (ether) for their propagation, but (also) can spread in
an absolutely empty space. This view is not longer viable today, since
the quantum field theory teaches us, even the absolute vacuum still
contains
energy. [28], p. 319:
„This is related to the fact
that the so called zero point fluctuations of a quantum field can never
be suppressed… Besides, such a quantum field has the interesting
property
that it is Lorentz invariant, so that its spectrum character looks the
same from any inertial system. The special relativistic Einstein
equivalence
principle therefore seems to be adhered to against such a vacuum.”
It is very strange now, between
that energy density deducable from the quantum field theory and that
admissible
from observations, there gapes the huge discrepancy of 120 powers
of ten (= 10 120), which is regarded as a fundamental
physical problem
by some scientists. The following quotations will underline this even
more:
[29], p. 49:
“The fact that we can realize
our surroundings unto the far distant galaxies at all, therefore sets
an
upper limit to the cosmological constant and, with it, to the vacuum
energy:
namely 120 powers of ten smaller than according to the above
theoretical
estimation. This discrepancy between quantum field theory of the vacuum
and cosmology presents one of the big unsolved problems in modern
physics.”
[29], p. 52:
„A still unknown natural law
with an unbelievable fine tuning must take care of the energy of the
vacuum
to decrease by 120 powers of ten, against the former calculations – a
precision
which no other physical theory knows.”
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